Steel manufacture



atented 23, was.

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we): S A S PATENT OFFICE.

FREDERICK J. GRIFFITHS AND DUKE N. A. BLACET, 0F MASSILLON, OHIO.

STEEL MANUFACTURE.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, FREDERICK J. GRIF- FITHS and DUKE N. A. BLACET,citizens of the United States, and residents of Massillon, county ofStark, State of Ohio, have jointly invented a new and useful Improvementin Steel Manufacture, of which the following is a specification, theprinciple of the invention being herein explained and the best mode inwhich we have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguishit from other inventions. t is generally conceded that the presence offorei substances in steel is injurious thereto or the usual structuralpurposes to which steel is put; but for certain commercial uses wherethe steel is subjected to fatigue and vibratory stress we have found itdesirable to impart to the steel a definite fibrous structure. Thepurpose of the present invention accordingly is to secure this physicalcondition and control the occurrence of the same so that the fiber orgrain of the steelwill absorb the stress imposed and thereby increasethe endurance or fatigue properties of the metal.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, the presentinvention consists of the ste s hereinafter fully described andparticularly pointed out in the claims, the following descriptionsetting forth but one of several ways in which the principle of theinvention may be embodied.

According to our present improved method, we deliberately andpurposefully incorporate in the steel when originally cast, i. e., inthe ingot, an ingredient or ingredients that will produce such fiber,striations or laminations in the resultant steel upon the subsequentworking up of the ingot. Only relatively small proportions (one half ofone per cent or less by weight) of such fiber roducing ingredient needbe introduce in order to have the effect indicated and as suchingredients, we may employ a variety of metallic, non-metallic orsemi-metallic substances. Such substance should be finely ground orgranular before it is introduced into the steel and as examples ofsuitable substance, we refer to ordinary furnace slag, brick-dust andclay, any one of which, or

combination thereof, Will, upon subsequent Application filed December31, 1920. Serial No. 434,397.

working of the steel produce well defined fibers or striations orlaminations of the character desired.

The present improvement is equally applicable to ordinary carbon steelor to any of the so-called alloy steels wherein the presence of fiber isconsidered desirable. The substance employed to produce such fiber canbe mechanically introduced or thrown in the mold when the ingot is cast,or the dirt or other extraneous substances left on the stool, aftercasting and stripping an ingot, if simply allowed to remain in the moldwhen the next ingot is cast, will serve the purpose as satisfactorily asthe introduction of any of the particular ingredients named above.

The amount of such ingredients, however,

can be better gaged when they are independently or separately introducedso as to produce the desired degree of fiber, which will of course vary,depending upon the particular use to which the finishing steel is to beput.

Other forms may beemployed embodying the features of our inventioninstead of the 1. In the manufacture of steel, the step which consistsin introducing in the steel, while in molten condition, an ingredientthat upon distribution throughout the mass produces fiber-likestriations, or laminations substantially as described. 2. In themanufacture of steel, the step which consists in introducing in thesteel, while in molten condition, a finely-powdered or granularingredient that upon distribution throughout the mass produces fiberlikestriations, or laminations substantially as described.

3. In the manufacture of steel, the etc which consists in introducing inthe stee, while in molten condition, finely-powdered or granular slag inrelatively small quantity. 4. As a new product, a steel article havingloo defined striations or fibers or laminations produced b the presencetherein of a relaproduced 0 the presence therein of a relatively, smallquantity of a finely powdered tively small quantity of a finely powdered0r ranular slag. m or granular metallic, semi-metallic or nonlgned byus, this 28th day of December, 5 metallic ingredient. 1920.

5. As a new product a steel article having FREDERICK J I GRIFFITHS.defined striations or fibers or laminations DUKE N. A. BLACET.

